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Toni Morrison
Toni Morrison (born Chloe Ardelia Wofford; February 18, 1931) is an American novelist, editor, and professor. Her novels are known for their epic themes, vivid dialogue, and richly detailed characters. Among her best known novels are ''The Bluest Eye'' (1970), ''Sula'' (1973), ''Song of Solomon'' (1977), and ''Beloved'' (1987). She was also commissioned to write the libretto for a new opera, ''Margaret Garner'', first performed in 2005. She won the Pulitzer Prize and the American Book Award in 1988 for ''Beloved'' and the Nobel Prize in 1993. On May 29, 2012, she received the Presidential Medal of Freedom. Morrison serves as Professor Emeritus at Princeton University.
==Early life and career==
Toni Morrison was born in Lorain, Ohio, to Ramah (née Willis) and George Wofford. She is the second of four children in a working-class family. Her parents moved to Ohio to escape southern racism and instilled a sense of heritage through telling traditional African American folktales.〔"Tony Morrison". ''Contemporary Popular Writers''. Ed. Dave Mote. Detroit: St. James Press, 1997.〕 She read frequently as a child; among her favorite authors were Jane Austen and Leo Tolstoy. According to a 2012 interview in ''The Guardian'', she became a Catholic at the age of 12 and received the baptismal name "Anthony", which later became the basis for her nickname "Toni".
In 1949 Morrison went to Howard University graduating in 1953 with a B.A. in English; she went on to earn a Master of Arts from Cornell University in 1955. She taught English, first at Texas Southern University in Houston for two years, then at Howard for seven years. She met Harold Morrison, a Jamaican architect, at Howard, whom she married in 1958. The couple had two children and divorced in 1964.〔 After the breakup of her marriage, she began working as an editor in 1965 for a textbook publisher in Syracuse, going on two years later to Random House in New York City, where she became a senior trade-book editor.〔("Toni Morrison Biography" ) Bio.com. Retrieved October 31, 2015〕 In that capacity, Morrison played a vital role in bringing black literature into the mainstream, editing books by authors such as Henry Dumas,〔Toni Morrison, ("On behalf of Henry Dumas" ), ''Black American Literature Forum'', Vol. 22, No. 2, Henry Dumas Issue (Summer 1988), pp. 310-312.〕 Toni Cade Bambara, Angela Davis, and Gayl Jones.
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